Article 3. Regulation Of Charter-party Carriers Of Passengers of California Public Utilities Code >> Division 2. >> Chapter 8. >> Article 3.
To the extent that such is not inconsistent with the
provisions of this chapter, the commission may supervise and regulate
every charter-party carrier of passengers in the State and may do
all things, whether specifically designated in this part, or in
addition thereto, which are necessary and convenient in the exercise
of such power and jurisdiction.
(a) The commission shall, by rule or other appropriate
procedure, ensure that every charter-party carrier of passengers
operates on a prearranged basis within the state, consistent with
Section 5360.5. The commission shall require every charter-party
carrier of passengers to include on a waybill or trip report at least
all of the following:
(1) The name of at least one passenger in the traveling party, or
identifying information of the traveling party's affiliation, along
with the point of origin and destination of the passenger or
traveling party.
(2) Information as to whether the transportation was arranged by
telephone, written contract, or electronic communication.
(b) A waybill or trip report may be kept in electronic or hardcopy
format. When requested by any commission or airport enforcement
officer or any official of a city, county, or city and county
authorized to inspect a waybill or trip report pursuant to
subdivision (h) of Section 5371.4, the waybill or trip report may be
provided in either electronic or hardcopy format.
(c) A charter-party carrier of passengers shall produce in its
office a hardcopy of any waybill or trip report when requested by the
commission or one of its authorized representatives pursuant to
Section 5389.
(d) This section shall become operative on January 1, 2014.
To the extent that such are not inconsistent with the
provisions of this chapter, all general orders, rules and
regulations, applicable to the operations of carriers of passengers
under authority of certificates of public convenience and necessity
issued pursuant to the provisions of Article 2 (commencing at Section
1031), Chapter 5, Part 1, Division 1 of this code, unless otherwise
ordered by the commission shall apply to charter-party carriers of
passengers.
The commission shall create the following classifications or
types of certificates for charter-party carriers of passengers:
Class A: from any point or points within the state to other points
in or out of this state, including, but not limited to, the
conduction of round-trip sightseeing tour service.
Class B: from any point within the territory of origin specified
in the certificate to any points in the state, or territory of
origin.
Class C: services provided incidental to commercial balloon
operations, commercial river rafting, or skiing where no additional
compensation is provided for the transportation.
The commission shall issue permits to persons, who are
otherwise qualified, whose passenger carrier operations fall into the
following categories:
(a) Specialized carriers, who do not hold themselves out to serve
the general public, but only provide service under contract with
industrial and business firms, governmental agencies, and private
schools or who only transport agricultural workers to and from farms
for compensation or who only conduct transportation services, which
are incidental to another business. This permit shall be designated
as a "Z" permit.
(b) Carriers using only vehicles under 15-passenger seating
capacity. This permit shall be designated as a "P" permit.
(c) Carriers conducting round-trip sightseeing tour service. This
permit shall be designated as an "S" permit.
(a) At the time transportation service is prearranged or
the contract of carriage is made, the charter-party carrier of
passengers shall ask the chartering party and, upon being asked, the
chartering party shall disclose to the charter-party carrier of
passengers, whether the following are true:
(1) Alcoholic beverages will be served by the chartering party or
be transported in the passenger compartment of the vehicle during
transportation.
(2) A member of the party to be provided with transportation
services will be under 21 years of age.
(b) If, at the time transportation was prearranged with the
charter-party carrier of passengers, the chartering party discloses
that alcoholic beverages will be served or transported in the
passenger compartment and a member of the party is under 21 years of
age, each of the following applies:
(1) The charter-party carrier of passengers, at the time
transportation services are arranged, shall notify the chartering
party of all of the following:
(A) A designee who is 25 years of age or older shall be present
whenever persons under 21 years of age who are not accompanied by a
parent or legal guardian are being transported.
(B) The designee shall make reasonable efforts to ensure
compliance with all laws prohibiting the consumption of alcoholic
beverages by persons under 21 years of age who are members of the
party and are not accompanied by a parent or legal guardian.
(C) The designee shall check the identifications of all passengers
to determine who is under 21 years of age and shall read the
statement specified in paragraph (7) to each passenger in the party
who is under 21 years of age. The driver shall not commence transport
until the designee has verified with the driver that the designee
has checked the identifications of all passengers and has read the
statement. If passengers are picked up at more than one location, the
driver shall not commence transport from the subsequent location
until the designee has verified with the driver that the designee has
checked the identifications of all passengers boarding the vehicle
at that location and has read the statement to all passengers
boarding the vehicle at that location.
(D) The designee shall notify the driver of the vehicle if, at any
time during the trip, a passenger in their party who is under 21
years of age is consuming or has consumed alcoholic beverages.
(E) The designee shall be responsible for any reasonably
foreseeable personal injury or property damage that is proximately
caused by the consumption of alcoholic beverages by a person under 21
years of age while being supplied with transportation services if
the designee knew or reasonably should have known that the person is
under 21 years of age or has consumed alcoholic beverages while being
supplied with transportation services.
(F) If a trip is terminated because of the consumption of
alcoholic beverages by a person under 21 years of age who is a member
of their party, the designee's responsibility for that minor shall
continue until that person who is under 21 years of age is returned
safely to his or her home or entrusted into the care of his or her
parent or legal guardian or taken to a location reasonably believed
to be safer than his or her home.
(2) (A) The charter-party carrier of passengers shall provide a
copy of the written form described in paragraph (4) to the chartering
party and shall verify the written form has been returned with the
signature of the designee no later than 72 hours prior to the
commencement of the travel date. If the transportation service is
prearranged within 72 hours of the travel date, the charter-party
carrier of passengers shall immediately provide the written form
described in paragraph (4) to the chartering party as a stand-alone
form separate from the contract of carriage, to be returned prior to
the commencement of transportation services with the signature of the
designee. A charter-party carrier of passengers may supply the
chartering party with additional forms for a replacement designee in
the event the planned designee is unable to accompany the party
during transport. The charter-party carrier of passengers shall
verify the written form of a replacement designee has been returned
with the signature of the replacement designee no later than 72 hours
prior to the commencement of the travel date.
(B) (i) If the charter-party carrier of passengers does not
provide the written notice specified in subparagraph (A), and the
designee does not return the signed form prior to the commencement of
the transport, the charter-party carrier of passengers shall do any
of the following:
(I) Provide a designee who is not the driver and shall incur any
and all liabilities of that designee.
(II) Remove and lock all alcoholic beverages in the vehicle's
trunk or other locked compartment.
(III) Prohibit all persons under 21 years of age from boarding the
vehicle.
(IV) Cancel the trip and refund all payments for the
transportation services.
(ii) A charter-party carrier of passengers that fails to comply
with clause (i) shall incur the liabilities of a designee.
(3) The charter-party carrier of passengers shall inform the
driver of the vehicle that alcohol will be present and that there
will be persons under 21 years of age present during the provision of
transportation services and the name of the designee.
(4) The driver of the vehicle shall obtain the designee's
signature or initials on a written form indicating the designee's
acknowledgment and agreement to all of the following:
(A) Alcoholic beverages will be served by the chartering party or
be transported in the passenger compartment of the vehicle during
transportation.
(B) A member of the party to be provided with transportation
services will be under 21 years of age.
(C) The person signing or initialing is the designee and is 25
years of age or older.
(D) The designee shall make reasonable efforts to ensure
compliance with all laws prohibiting the consumption of alcoholic
beverages by persons under 21 years of age who are members of the
party and are not accompanied by a parent or legal guardian.
(E) The designee must check the identifications of all passengers
to determine who is under 21 years of age and shall read the
statement specified in paragraph (7) to each passenger in the party
who is under 21 years of age. The driver will not commence
transportation services until the designee has verified with the
driver that the designee has checked the identifications of all
passengers and has read the statement. If passengers are to be picked
up at more than one location, the driver will not commence transport
from the subsequent location until the designee has verified with
the driver that the designee has checked the identifications of all
passengers boarding the vehicle at that location and has read the
statement to all passengers boarding the vehicle at that location.
(F) The designee is responsible for notifying the driver of the
vehicle if, at any time during the trip, a passenger in their party
who is under 21 years of age is consuming or has consumed alcoholic
beverages and that the designee is in violation of the law if he or
she fails to notify the driver.
(G) The designee is legally responsible for any reasonably
foreseeable personal injury or property damage that is proximately
caused by the consumption of alcoholic beverages by a person under 21
years of age while being supplied with transportation services if
the designee knew or reasonably should have known that the person is
under 21 years of age and is consuming or has consumed alcoholic
beverages while being supplied with transportation services.
(H) If a trip is terminated because of the consumption of
alcoholic beverages by a person under 21 years of age who is a member
of their party, the designee's responsibility for that person under
21 years of age continues until that person who is under 21 years of
age is returned safely to his or her home or entrusted into the care
of his or her parent or legal guardian or taken to a location
reasonably believed to be safer than his or her home.
(5) The designee shall be a passenger of the vehicle during the
provision of transportation services and shall make reasonable
efforts to ensure the lawful conduct of all persons in the vehicle
who are members of the party who are under 21 years of age and who
are not accompanied by a parent or legal guardian.
(6) (A) The designee shall make reasonable efforts to ensure
compliance with all laws related to the consumption of alcoholic
beverages by persons in the party who are under 21 years of age and
who are not accompanied by a parent or legal guardian.
(B) The designee shall make reasonable efforts to ensure
compliance with all laws prohibiting the providing of alcoholic
beverages to persons under 21 years of age by adult members of the
party who are 21 years of age or older.
(C) If a person under 21 years of age is accompanied by a parent
or legal guardian, then the parent or legal guardian shall make
reasonable efforts to ensure that person complies with laws
prohibiting the consumption of alcoholic beverages.
(D) A designee or, when present, the parent or legal guardian who
fails to act reasonably shall be responsible for any reasonably
foreseeable personal injury or property damage that is proximately
caused by a violation of laws prohibiting the consumption of
alcoholic beverages by a person under 21 years of age when alcoholic
beverages are consumed during the provision of transportation
services if the designee, parent, or legal guardian knew or
reasonably should have known that the person is under 21 years of age
and is consuming or has consumed alcoholic beverages during the
provision of transportation services.
(E) Nothing in this paragraph limits the right of a designee to
seek indemnity from any person, corporation, or other entity other
than the charter-party carrier of passengers.
(F) Nothing in this section relieves a passenger of legal
responsibility for his or her own conduct.
(7) (A) The designee shall read the following statement to those
persons under 21 years of age:
"Consumption of alcoholic beverages by persons under 21 years of
age is illegal. It is also illegal for an adult to provide alcoholic
beverages to a person under 21 years of age. If you consume alcoholic
beverages, this trip will be terminated and all payments for
transportation services shall be forfeited and not subject to refund."
(B) The terms of the statement required to be read pursuant to
subparagraph (A) shall be a part of the contract of carriage between
the charter-party carrier of passengers and the chartering party.
(8) (A) If, during the course of providing transportation
services, any person under 21 years of age is found to be, or to have
been, consuming any alcoholic beverage, the designee shall
immediately notify the driver and the driver shall terminate the
trip. All passengers, including all passengers of a joint carriage if
more than one party is participating in the trip, shall be brought
back to the point of origin of the trip. All payment for
transportation services shall be forfeited and not subject to refund.
(B) Should the designee, or when present, the parent or legal
guardian, fail to inform the driver, or if the designee, parent, or
legal guardian permits the drinking of alcoholic beverages by persons
under 21 years of age to occur in the vehicle, the designee, parent,
or legal guardian shall be subject to prosecution for violation of
subdivision (a) of Section 25658 of the Business and Professions
Code.
(c) If, at the time transportation is prearranged with the
charter-party carrier of passengers, the chartering party discloses
that alcoholic beverages will be served or transported in the
passenger compartment, but that no member of the party is or will be
under 21 years of age, each of the following applies:
(1) If the driver has reason to believe that passengers under 21
years of age will be present during transportation services, the
driver shall verify the age of all passengers to be transported in
the vehicle with the chartering party or designee.
(2) If any passenger is under 21 years of age, the failure to
disclose the age of this passenger is a violation of the contract of
carriage, and transportation services shall be terminated, and no
refund given, unless all alcoholic beverages are removed and locked
in the vehicle trunk or other locked compartment.
(d) If, at the time transportation is prearranged with the
charter-party carrier of passengers, the chartering party discloses
that a member of the party is under 21 years of age, but that no
alcoholic beverages will be served or transported in the passenger
compartment, each of the following applies:
(1) If the driver of the vehicle has reason to believe that
alcoholic beverages are, or will be, transported in the vehicle and
accessible to passengers, the driver shall verify whether alcoholic
beverages were brought into the vehicle.
(2) If alcoholic beverages were brought into the vehicle without
prior notification to the charter-party carrier of passengers, that
act is a violation of the contract of carriage, and the
transportation services shall be terminated, and no refund given,
unless all alcoholic beverages are removed and locked in the vehicle
trunk or other locked compartment.
(e) (1) If the driver is informed or learns that alcoholic
beverages will be served or transported in the passenger compartment
and a member of the party is under 21 years of age, the failure by
the driver to do any of the following is a misdemeanor:
(A) To commence or continue transport without a designee who is 25
years of age or older present, unless the person who is under 21
years of age is accompanied by a parent or guardian.
(B) To commence transport without obtaining the designee's
signature or initials on the form described in paragraph (4) of
subdivision (b).
(C) To commence transport without the designee verifying to the
driver that the designee has checked the identifications of all
passengers to determine who is under 21 years of age and read the
statement specified in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b) to each
member of the party who is under 21 years of age.
(D) To not terminate the trip and to return the chartering party
to the place of origin if informed by the designee or, if present, a
parent or guardian, that a person under 21 years of age is consuming
or has consumed alcoholic beverages or by otherwise learning that a
person under 21 years of age is consuming or has consumed alcoholic
beverages.
(2) If the driver is informed or learns that alcoholic beverages
will be served or transported in the passenger compartment and is
informed that no member of the party is under 21 years of age, the
failure to do any of the following is a misdemeanor:
(A) To fail to take reasonable steps to verify the age of any
passenger reasonably believed to be under 21 years of age.
(B) To commence transport if a party member is under 21 years of
age, unless all alcoholic beverages are removed and locked in the
vehicle trunk or other locked compartment.
(C) To not terminate the trip and to return the chartering party
to the place of origin if the driver learns that a person under 21
years of age is consuming or has consumed alcoholic beverages.
(3) If the driver is informed or learns that one or more members
of the party are under 21 years of age and is informed that no
alcoholic beverages will be served or transported in the passenger
compartment, the failure to do any of the following is a misdemeanor.
(A) If the driver reasonably believes that alcoholic beverages
were brought into the vehicle, to fail to take reasonable steps to
verify that no alcoholic beverages were brought into the vehicle.
(B) To commence or continue transport if the driver learns that
alcoholic beverages were brought onto the vehicle, unless all
alcoholic beverages are removed and locked in the vehicle trunk or
other locked compartment.
(f) A failure by the designee to do any of the following is a
misdemeanor:
(1) To check the identifications of all passengers to determine
who is under 21 years of age.
(2) To read the statement specified in paragraph (7) of
subdivision (b) to each passenger in the party who is under 21 years
of age.
(3) To notify the driver of the vehicle if, at any time during the
trip, a passenger in the designee's party who is under 21 years of
age is consuming or has consumed alcoholic beverages.
(4) Upon termination of a trip because of the consumption of
alcoholic beverages by a person under 21 years of age, to safely
return any person under 21 years of age who is a member of the
designee's party to his or her home, to take him or her to a location
reasonably believed to be safer than his or her home, or to entrust
him or her into the care of his or her parent or legal guardian.
(g) When present, the failure of a parent or guardian to notify
the driver when a member of the party who is under 21 years of age
and for whom the parent or guardian is responsible is consuming or
has consumed alcoholic beverages during the provision of
transportation services is guilty of a misdemeanor.
(h) If the commission, after a hearing, finds that a charter-party
carrier of passengers or the driver of a charter-party carrier of
passengers has violated this section, the commission shall do the
following:
(1) For a first violation, the commission shall impose a civil
penalty of not more than two thousand dollars ($2,000) upon the
carrier, as determined appropriate by the commission.
(2) For a second violation, the commission shall impose a civil
penalty of not more than two thousand dollars ($2,000) upon the
carrier or may suspend the carrier's certificate or permit for not
more than 30 days, or both, as determined appropriate by the
commission.
(3) For a third violation, the commission shall revoke the carrier'
s certificate or permit.
(i) The authority granted the commission in subdivision (h) is in
addition to any authority the commission has to enforce the
requirements of this chapter, and the commission may impose any
penalties available pursuant to this chapter for a violation of this
section.
(j) Nothing in this section shall change the liability of a party
knowingly furnishing the alcoholic beverage to a person who they know
or reasonably should know to be under 21 years of age.
(a) Every charter-party carrier of passengers shall furnish
the commission annually with a list, prepared under oath, of all
vehicles used in transportation for compensation during the preceding
year. The list shall include and identify each modified limousine
and the terminal location of each modified limousine. The commission
shall furnish a copy of this list identifying each modified limousine
and its terminal location to the Department of the California
Highway Patrol.
(b) The commission shall not issue or continue in effect any
permit, certificate, or authority of a charter-party carrier of
passengers that has not submitted fees required for inspection
pursuant to Section 34500.4 of the Vehicle Code and any associated
penalties, if applicable.
(c) Not later than January 1, 2015, the commission shall provide
the Department of the California Highway Patrol with a list of each
charter-party carrier's modified limousines and their terminal
locations in order for the department to promulgate regulations
pursuant to Section 34500.4 of the Vehicle Code.
If the driver of any charter-party carrier of passengers
for hire operating under a valid certificate or permit, or any
officer, director, agent, or employee of a charter-party carrier of
passengers operating vehicles used in the transportation of
passengers for hire under such a certificate or permit, is convicted
of a violation of Section 23225 of the Vehicle Code, the commission,
after a hearing, shall do the following:
(a) For a first offense, the commission may impose a civil penalty
of not more than two thousand dollars ($2,000) upon the carrier, as
determined appropriate by the commission.
(b) For a second offense, the commission may impose a civil
penalty of not more than two thousand dollars ($2,000) upon the
carrier or suspend the carrier's certificate or permit for not more
than 30 days, or both, as determined appropriate by the commission.
(c) For a third offense, the commission shall revoke the carrier's
certificate or permit.
A charter-party carrier of passengers, except those engaged
in the provision of a hired driver service when a rented motor
vehicle is being operated by the hired driver, shall not operate any
motor vehicle on any public highway unless there is displayed on the
vehicle a distinctive identifying symbol in the form prescribed by
the commission, showing the classification to which the carrier
belongs. Such an identifying symbol shall not be displayed on any
vehicle until a permit or certificate of public convenience and
necessity under this chapter has been issued to the carrier. The
identifying symbol displayed by charter-party carriers subject to the
Interstate Commerce Commission shall serve in lieu of the display
requirements of this section.
A charter-party carrier shall not operate a modified
limousine, as defined in Section 5361, unless the modified limousine
is equipped with emergency exits at the rear of the vehicle as
required pursuant to Article 3.4 (commencing with Section 27375) of
Chapter 5 of Division 12 of the Vehicle Code. The commission shall
adopt rules to implement this section.
(a) Every charter-party carrier of passengers, including a
charter-party carrier that operates a limousine, shall include the
number of its permit or certificate in every written or oral
advertisement of the services it offers.
(b) For the purposes of this subdivision, "advertisement"
includes, but is not limited to, the issuance of any card, sign, or
device to any person, the causing, permitting, or allowing the
placement of any sign or marking on or in any building or structure,
or in any media form, including newspaper, magazine, radiowave,
satellite signal, or any electronic transmission, or in any directory
soliciting charter-party transportation services subject to this
chapter.
No charter-party carrier of passengers shall advertise its
services, or in any manner represent its services, as being a taxicab
or taxi service. For the purposes of this section, "advertise"
includes any business card, stationery, brochure, flyer, circular,
newsletter, fax form, printed or published paid advertisement in any
media form, or telephone book listing.
(a) It is unlawful for the owner of a charter-party carrier
of passengers to permit the operation of a vehicle upon a public
highway for compensation without (1) having obtained from the
commission a certificate or permit pursuant to this chapter, (2)
having complied with the vehicle identification requirements of
Section 5385, and (3) having complied with the accident liability
protection requirements of Section 5391.
(b) A person who drives a bus for a charter-party carrier without
having a current and valid driver's license of the proper class, a
passenger vehicle endorsement, or the required certificate shall be
suspended from driving a bus of any kind, including, but not limited
to, a bus, schoolbus, school pupil activity bus, or transit bus, with
passengers for a period of five years pursuant to Section 13369 of
the Vehicle Code.
(c) (1) A charter-party carrier shall have its authority to
operate as a charter-party carrier permanently revoked by the
commission or be permanently barred from receiving a permit or
certificate from the commission if it commits any of the following
acts:
(A) Operates a bus without having been issued a permit or
certificate from the commission.
(B) Operates a bus with a permit that was suspended by the
commission pursuant to Section 5378.5.
(C) Commits three or more liability insurance violations within a
two-year period for which it has been cited.
(D) Operates a bus with a permit that was suspended by the
commission during a period that the charter-party carrier's liability
insurance lapsed for which it has been cited.
(E) Knowingly employs a busdriver who does not have a current and
valid driver's license of the proper class, a passenger vehicle
endorsement, or the required certificate to drive a bus.
(F) Has one or more buses improperly registered with the
Department of Motor Vehicles.
(2) The commission shall not issue a new permit or certificate to
operate as a charter-party carrier if any officer, director, or owner
of that charter-party carrier was an officer, director, or owner of
a charter-party carrier that had its authority to operate as a
charter-party carrier permanently revoked by the commission or that
was permanently barred from receiving a permit or certificate from
the commission pursuant to this subdivision.
(d) A peace officer, as designated pursuant to Chapter 4.5
(commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2 of the Penal Code,
may impound a bus or limousine of a charter-party carrier of
passengers for 30 days pursuant to Section 14602.9 of the Vehicle
Code if the peace officer determines that any of the following
violations occurred while the driver was operating the bus or
limousine of the charter-party carrier:
(1) The driver was operating the bus or limousine of a
charter-party carrier of passengers when the charter-party carrier of
passengers did not have a permit or certificate issued by the
commission.
(2) The driver was operating the bus or limousine of a
charter-party carrier of passengers when the charter-party carrier of
passengers was operating with a suspended permit or certificate from
the commission.
(3) The driver was operating the bus or limousine of a
charter-party carrier of passengers without having a current and
valid driver's license of the proper class, a passenger vehicle
endorsement, or the required certificate.
(e) This section does not authorize the impoundment of privately
owned personal vehicles that are not common carriers nor the
impoundment of vehicles used in transportation for compensation by
charter-party carriers of passengers that are not required to carry
individual permits.
(a) A charter-party carrier described in subdivision (c) of
Section 5387, that has received a notice of refusal or revocation of
its permit to operate, may submit to the commission, within 15 days
after the mailing of the notice, a written request for a hearing. The
charter-party carrier shall furnish a copy of the request to the
Department of the California Highway Patrol at the same time that it
makes its request for a hearing to the commission. Failure to request
a hearing, in writing, within the 15-day period is a waiver of the
right to a hearing.
(b) Upon receipt by the commission of the hearing request, the
commission shall hold a hearing within a reasonable time, not to
exceed 21 days, and may appoint a hearing officer to conduct the
hearing. At the hearing, the burden of proof is on the charter-party
carrier to prove that it was not in violation of subdivision (c) of
Section 5387.
(c) The refusal to, or revocation of, the permit to operate, may
only be rescinded by the hearing officer if the charter-party carrier
proves that it was not in violation of subdivision (c) of Section
5387, and that the basis of the refusal or revocation resulted from a
factual error.
When the commission or an employee of the commission
determines that any person or corporation is holding itself out as a
charter-party carrier of passengers without a certificate or permit
to so operate, the carrier shall pay the commission the fee
established pursuant to Section 421 for the period during which it
operated without authority, up to a maximum of three years, which fee
shall be deposited in the Public Utilities Commission Transportation
Reimbursement Account.
(a) The commission, each commissioner, and each officer and
person employed by the commission may, at any time have access to the
land, buildings, or equipment of a charter-party carrier of
passengers used in connection with the operation of its business and
may inspect the accounts, books, papers, and documents of the
carrier. Any inspection by the commission may include photocopying or
the electrostatic or photostatic reproduction of documents either at
the premises of the carrier or the offices of the commission, at the
option of the carrier. The commission shall reimburse the carrier
for any copying or reproduction expenses incurred by it at the
direction of the commission.
(b) Subdivision (a) also applies to access to property and
inspections of the accounts, books, papers, and documents of any
business which is a subsidiary or affiliate of, or a corporation
which holds a controlling interest in, a charter-party carrier of
passengers with respect to any transaction between the carrier and
the subsidiary, affiliate, or holding corporation.
(c) Subdivisions (a) and (b) also apply to any person or
corporation engaged in the transportation of persons by motor vehicle
for compensation, which the commission, or an officer or person
employed by the commission, determines is holding itself out as a
charter-party carrier of passengers.