Article 1. Imposition Of The Surcharge of California Revenue And Taxation Code >> Division 2. >> Part 20. >> Chapter 2. >> Article 1.

(a) A surcharge is hereby imposed on amounts paid by every person in the state for both of the following:
  (1) (A) Intrastate telephone communication service in this state.
  (B) Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), on and after January 1, 2016, and before January 1, 2020, in lieu of the surcharge imposed under subparagraph (A), a surcharge shall be imposed on amounts paid for prepaid mobile telephony services pursuant to the Prepaid Mobile Telephony Services Surcharge Collection Act (Part 21 (commencing with Section 42001)).
  (2) VoIP service that provides access to the "911" emergency system by utilizing the digits 9-1-1 by any service user in this state commencing on January 1, 2009. The surcharge shall not apply to charges for VoIP service where any point of origin or destination is outside of this state.
  (b) (1) Notwithstanding Section 41025, charges not subject to the surcharge may be calculated by a service supplier based upon books and records kept in the regular course of business, and, for purposes of calculating the interstate revenue portion not subject to the surcharge, a service supplier may also choose a reasonable and verifiable method from the following:
  (A) Books and records kept in the regular course of business.
  (B) Traffic or call pattern studies representative of the service supplier's business within California.
  (C) For VoIP service only, the VoIP safe harbor factor established by the FCC to be used to calculate the service supplier's contribution to the federal Universal Service Fund. The FCC safe harbor factor in effect for VoIP service on September 1 of each year shall apply for the period of January 1 to December 31, inclusive, of the next succeeding calendar year for purposes of this method. At the time the FCC establishes a safe harbor factor for the federal Universal Service Fund for VoIP service that is greater than 75 percent for interstate revenue or abolishes the safe harbor factor applicable to VoIP service, this method shall become void and of no effect, in which case a VoIP service supplier may use an alternative method approved in advance by the board, which shall be available to all VoIP service suppliers. The FCC safe harbor factor applicable to VoIP service, as described in this subparagraph, is used solely as a mechanism to calculate the charges not subject to the surcharge for VoIP service and is not necessarily reflective of the intrastate portion of VoIP service. The use of the FCC safe harbor factor authorized by this subdivision shall not be interpreted to permit application of any intrastate requirement, other than the surcharge imposed under this part, upon VoIP service suppliers.
  (2) Any method chosen by a service supplier shall remain in effect for at least one calendar year.
  (3) If a service supplier reasonably relies upon books and records kept in the regular course of business or any documentation that satisfies the reasonable and verifiable method, then the service supplier's determination of the portion of the billed amount attributable to services not subject to the surcharge shall be rebuttably presumed to be correct. The service supplier's choice of books and records or other method and surcharge billing practice shall also be rebuttably presumed to be fair and legal business practices.
  (4) It is the intent of the Legislature that the provisions of subparagraph (C) shall not be considered to be a precedent for the application of the surcharge or any other tax or fee where a person is required to collect a tax or fee imposed upon another.
  (c) The surcharge imposed shall be at the rate of one-half of 1 percent of the charges made for the services to and including November 1, 1982, and thereafter at a rate fixed pursuant to Article 2 (commencing with Section 41030).
  (d) The surcharge shall be paid by the service user as hereinafter provided.
  (e) The surcharge imposed shall not apply to either of the following:
  (1) In accordance with the Mobile Telecommunications Sourcing Act (Public Law 106-252), which is incorporated herein by reference, to any charges for mobile telecommunications services billed to a customer where those services are provided, or deemed provided, to a customer whose place of primary use is outside this state. Mobile telecommunications services shall be deemed provided by a customer's home service provider to the customer if those services are provided in a taxing jurisdiction to the customer, and the charges for those services are billed by or for the customer's home service provider.
  (2) To any charges for VoIP service billed to a customer where those services are provided to a customer whose place of primary use of VoIP service is outside this state.
  (f) For purposes of this section:
  (1) "Charges for mobile telecommunications services" means any charge for, or associated with, the provision of commercial mobile radio service, as defined in Section 20.3 of Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations, as in effect on June 1, 1999, or any charge for, or associated with, a service provided as an adjunct to a commercial mobile radio service, that is billed to the customer by or for the customer's home service provider, regardless of whether individual transmissions originate or terminate within the licensed service area of the home service provider.
  (2) "Customer" means (A) the person or entity that contracts with the home service provider for mobile telecommunications services, or with a VoIP service provider for VoIP service, or (B) if the end user of mobile telecommunications services or VoIP service is not the contracting party, the end user of the mobile telecommunications service or VoIP service. This paragraph applies only for the purpose of determining the place of primary use. The term "customer" does not include (A) a reseller of mobile telecommunications service or VoIP communication service, or (B) a serving carrier under an arrangement to serve the mobile customer outside the home service provider's licensed service area.
  (3) "Home service provider" means the facilities-based carrier or reseller with which the customer contracts for the provision of mobile telecommunications services.
  (4) "Licensed service area" means the geographic area in which the home service provider is authorized by law or contract to provide commercial mobile radio service to the customer.
  (5) "Mobile telecommunications service" means commercial mobile radio service, as defined in Section 20.3 of Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations, as in effect on June 1, 1999.
  (6) "Place of primary use" means the street address representative of where the customer's use of the mobile telecommunications service or VoIP service primarily occurs, that must be:
  (A) The residential street address or the primary business street address of the customer.
  (B) With respect to mobile telecommunications service, within the licensed service area of the home service provider.
  (7) (A) "Reseller" means a provider who purchases telecommunications services or VoIP service from another telecommunications service provider or VoIP service and then resells the services, or uses the services as a component part of, or integrates the purchased services into, a mobile telecommunications service or VoIP service.
  (B) "Reseller" does not include a serving carrier with which a home service provider arranges for the services to its customers outside the home service provider's licensed service area.
  (8) "Serving carrier" means a facilities-based carrier providing mobile telecommunications service to a customer outside a home service provider's or reseller's licensed area.
  (9) "Taxing jurisdiction" means any of the several states, the District of Columbia, or any territory or possession of the United States, any municipality, city, county, township, parish, transportation district, or assessment jurisdiction, or any other political subdivision within the territorial limits of the United States with the authority to impose a tax, charge, or fee.
  (10) "VoIP service provider" means that provider of VoIP service with whom the end user customer contracts for the provision of VoIP services for the customer's own use and not for resale.
  (11) "Prepaid mobile telephony services" has the same meaning as in subdivision (k) of Section 42004.

(a) A service supplier shall collect the surcharge from each service user at the time it collects its billings from the service user, provided that the duty to collect the surcharge from a service user shall commence with the beginning of the first regular billing period applicable to that person which starts on or after the operative date of the surcharge imposed by this part. If the stations or lines of more than one service supplier are utilized in furnishing the telephone communication services to the service user, the service supplier that bills the customer shall collect the surcharge from the customer.
  (b) Only one payment under this part shall be required with respect to the surcharge on a service, notwithstanding that the lines or stations of one or more service suppliers are used in furnishing that service.

The surcharge required to be collected by the service supplier shall be added to and stated separately in its billings to the service user.

The surcharge required to be collected by the service supplier, and any amount unreturned to the service user which is not a surcharge but was collected from the service user as representing a surcharge, constitute debts owed by the service supplier to this state. A service supplier that has collected any amount of surcharge in excess of the amount of surcharge imposed by this part and actually due from a service user, may refund such amount to the service user, even though such surcharge amount has already been paid over to the board and no corresponding credit or refund has yet been secured. Any service supplier making a refund of any charge to a service user upon which surcharge is collected under this part from the service user may repay therewith the amount of the surcharge paid. The service supplier may claim credit for such overpayment against the amount of surcharge imposed by this part which is due upon any other quarterly return, providing such credit is claimed in a return dated no later than three years from the date of overpayment.

Every service user in this state is liable for the surcharge until it has been paid to this state, except that payment to a service supplier registered under this part is sufficient to relieve the user from further liability for the tax. Any surcharge collected from a service user which has not been remitted to the board shall be deemed a debt owed to the State of California by the person required to collect and remit such surcharge. Nothing in this part shall impose any obligation upon a service supplier to take any legal action to enforce the collection of the utility users surcharge imposed by this part. The service supplier shall provide the board with amounts uncollected which total three dollars ($3) or more on a cumulative basis with respect to a single service user along with the names, addresses and reasons of the service users refusing to pay the surcharge imposed by this part.

If a bill is rendered to persons using intrastate telephone services or VoIP service, the amount on which the surcharge with respect to such services shall be based shall be the sum of all charges for such services included in the bill; except that if the person who renders the bill groups individual items for purposes of rendering the bill and computing the surcharge, then the amount on which the surcharge with respect to each such group shall be based shall be the sum of all items within that group, and the surcharge on the remaining items not included in any such group shall be based on the charge for each item separately.

In the payment of the surcharge imposed by this part, a fractional part of a cent shall be disregarded unless it amounts to one-half or more, in which case it shall be increased to one cent.

Nothing in this part shall be construed as imposing a surcharge upon amounts paid by any person when imposition of such surcharge would be in violation of the Constitution of the United States, the United States Code, or the laws of the State of California, nor upon toll charges used in the collection and dissemination of news for the public press or on charges for wide area telephone service used by common carriers in the conduct of their business.